| 2025 №01 (04) |
DOI of Article 10.37434/sem2025.01.05 |
2025 №01 (06) |
"Suchasna Elektrometallurgiya" (Electrometallurgy Today), 2025, #1, 26-32 pages
Increasing the lifetime of converter lining during refining of electrothermic ferronickel
V.V. Akreiev, S.V. Prykhodko, S.O. Melnyk, A.A. Nadtochii, A.M. Ovcharuk
Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology. 4 Prosp. Nauky, 49600, Dnipro, Ukraine. E-mail: tehnosplavy.dnepr@gmail.comAbstract
The final stage of the process of producing ferronickel, one of the options for processing oxidized nickel ores before granulation, is refining of ferronickel. Technological schemes of ferronickel refining at enterprises in the world mainly contain similar production stages with minor variations, but the processes in vertical oxygen converters is quite often used. Twostage or duplex refining of ferronickel consists in that the by-product of melting, formed in the initial period of processing of rough ferronickel, contains a lot of silicon oxide. Accordingly, the first stage of refining is carried out in converters with acidic lining. The second stage of processing with removal of the remains chromium, carbon, sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities is carried out in converters with basic lining. Modern operating conditions of basic converters for ferronickel refining impose high requirements on working lining. It should combine high resistance with simultaneous minimization of specific costs for refractories. Such a combination is achieved by a systematic approach in the selection of lining design, product sizes, chemical composition, quality of materials and systematic maintenance. This paper examines the methods of increasing the lining lifetime in one of the sections of the working lining — the upper cone of the converter for refining ferronickel. The main problems and possible ways to solve them are highlighted. 12 Ref., 2 Tabl., 7 Fig.
Keywords: refining, ferronickel, basic converter, lining, upper cone, lifetime, thermal expansion
Received: 25.09.2024
Received in revised form: 31.10.2024
Accepted: 17.02.2025
References
1. Facts about nickel [in Ukrainian]. http://www.nickelinstitute.org2. Nickel [in Ukrainian]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel
3. Nickel resources and reserves [in Ukrainian]. https://uk.wikipedia. org/wiki/
4. Description of nickel production on LLC “PFK” [in Ukrainian]. https://pfk.com.ua/
5. Shevchenko, D.V., Prikhodko, S.V., Nadtochii, A.A. et al. (2024) Development of the technology of ferronickel production in Ukraine. Suchasna Elektrometalurhiya, 2, 5-12 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.37434/sem2024.02.01
6. Gerald, R., Harmut, W. (2012) Pocket manual of refractory materials: Design, properties, testings. 4th Ed. Vulkan-Verlag GmbH.
7. Afanasiev, S.G. (1967) Brief reference book of converter specialist. Moscow, Metallurgiya [in Russian].
8. Boichenko, B.M., Okhotskii, V.B., Kharlashin, P.S. (2004) Converter production of steel: Theory, technology, steel quality, structures of units, recirculation of materials and ecology: Manual. Dnipropetrovsk, Dnipro-VAL [in Ukrainian].
9. Schemmel, Th., Schade, L., Kouzoupis, P., Beqiri, F. (2013) Magnesia-carbon refractory lining for ferronickel converters — optimization and lining improvement at newco ferronikeli (Cosovo). In: Proc. of The Thirteenth Inter. Ferroalloys Congress on Efficient Technologies in Ferroalloy Industry, June 9–13, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 393–400.
10. Barthel, H., Kaltner, E. (1983) The effect of carbon in carbon-containing magnesia bricks on the wear in basic oxygen furnaces. In: Proc. of the 1st Inter. Conf. on Refractories, 91–104.
11. Buchebner, G., Samm, V., Sampayo, L. (2005) Neuentwicklung Kohlenstoffgebundener Magnesiakohlenstoffsteine Unter Dem Aspekt Der Verbesserten Umweltvertràglichkeit — New-Generation Carbon-Bonded Magnesia Carbon Bricks with Improved Environmental Compatibility. Keramische Zeitschrift, 57(6), 378–380.
12. Jansen, H. (2012) Carbon-containing refractories with antioxidants in laboratory and practical application. Refractories Worldforum, 4, 87-93.
Advertising in this issue:
