| 2006 №11 (01) | 2006 №11 (03) |
The Paton Welding Journal, 2006, #11, 8-12 pages
Structural heredity in the initial materials–metal melt–solid metal system (Review)
I.A. Ryabtsev
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NASU. 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine.Abstract
Issues of structural heredity in the initial materials–molten metal–solid metal system are considered on the basis of literature data. It is shown that the solidified metal of ingot (deposited metal) inherits not only contamination of initial charge (electrode) materials by nonmetallic inclusions and other harmful impurities, but also elements of the crystalline structure of these materials. The use of ultrasonic treatment of the weld pool, as well as combined heat sources (hybrid technologies), such as arc-laser, plasma-laser, etc., is indicated to provide the equilibrium structure of the deposited metal.
Keywords: welding, surfacing, weld metal, metallurgical heredity, structural heredity, structure of melts, clusters, shortrange order, long-range order, solid metal
References
1. Baum, B.A. (1979) Metal liquids. Moscow: Nauka.2. Girshovich, N.G., Ioffe, A.Ya., Zommer, L.R. et al. (1970) Influence of charge material nature on structure and properties of nodular and flake graphite cast iron. In: Principles of cast alloy formation. Moscow: Nauka.
3. Nikitin, V.I. (1988) Control of heredity of charge material and melt structure as an important reserve for improvement the quality of cast products. Litejnoe Proizvodstvo, 9, 5–6.
4. Nikitin, V.I. (1982) About influence of charge metal quality on properties of light alloys. Tsvet. Metally, 8, 73–75.
5. Prudovsky, P.P., Golyakov, V.D., Simonova, N.A. et al. (1986) Influence of heredity of charge material structure on mechanical properties of VAL8 alloy. Litejnoe Proizvodstvo, 11, 7–8.
6. Elansky, G.N., Kudrin, V.A. (1984) Structure and properties of liquid metal. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
7. Popel, P.S., Baum, B.A. (1986) Thermodynamical analysis of one of the causes of metallurgical heredity. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Metally, 5, 47–51.
8. Wilson, D.R. (1972) Structure of liquid metals and alloys. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
9. Tatarinova, L.I. (1983) Structure of solid amorphous and liquid materials. Moscow: Nauka.
10. Crockston, K. (1978) Physics of liquid state. Moscow: Mir.
11. Vatolin, N.A., Pastukhov, E.A. (1980) Diffraction examinations of structure of high-temperature melts. Moscow: Nauka.
12. Arsentiev, P.P., Koledov, L.A. (1976) Metal melts and their properties. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
13. Ershov, G.S., Chernyakov, V.A. (1978) Structure and pro¬perties of liquid and solid metals. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
14. Belashchenko, D.K. (1985) Structure of liquid and amorphous metals. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
15. Tyagunov, G.V., Kolotukhin, E.V., Avdyukhin, S.P. (1988) Relationship between melt properties and structure of solid metal. Litejnoe Proizvodstvo, 9, 8–10.
16. Tretiakov, E.E., Tyagunov, G.V., Tsepelev, V.S. et al. (1992) Improvement of structure and properties of solid metal by action on metal melt. Stal, 7, 31–34.
17. Popel, P.O., Baum, B.A., Kosilov, N.S. (1982) Interphase phenomena in displacement of metal melts. In: Adhesion of melts and brazing of materials. Issue 9, 8.
18. Eremeev, V.E., Strelyany, Yu.V., Korbut, V.A. et al. (1979) Chemical macroheterogeneity of metal deposited with different electrode materials. In: Theoretical and technological principles of surfacing. Properties and tests of deposited metal. Kiev: PWI.
19. Shilyaev, A.S., Ivinsky, V.I., Stukin, S.A. (1986) Electric arc surfacing of machine parts with application of ultrasonic field. In: Surfacing in manufacture of machine parts and equipment. Kiev: PWI.