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2014 №04 (07) 2014 №04 (02)

Technical Diagnostics and Non-Destructive Testing 2014 №04


Техническая диагностика и неразрушающий контроль, №4, 2014 стр. 3-11
 

Застосування методу акустичної емісії для діагностування корпусів ядерних реакторів (огляд). Повідомлення ІІ. Метод акустичної емісії в діагностуванні корпусів реакторів АЕС. Частина 1

І. М. Неклюдов, З. Т. Назарчук, В. Р. Скальський, Л. Н. Добровольська

 
Реферат:
Перші акустико-емісійні (АЕ) вимірювальні системи виробничого зразка та встановлені кореляції між параметрами сигналів АЕ та показниками розвитку руйнування були створені у другій половині XX сторіччя. Саме це й стало підставою зацікавлення розробників атомних енергетичних технологій та експлуатаційників цим новим методом, який згодом стане ефективним доповненням до існуючих технологій неруйнівного контролю (НК) для виявлення та моніторингу дефектів корпусів ядерних реакторів. Оскільки до таких об’єктів поставлено винятково високі вимоги якості та цілісності, то вже в кінці 1970-х років було спрямовано значні зусилля на розвиток методу АЕ і запровадження його у виробництво. Практична реалізація засобів і методик АЕ-моніторингу та діагностування стану корпусів реакторів АЕС підтвердила високу ефективність методу, хоча на початках їх становлення були різні твердження щодо цього.
 
Ключові слова: акустична емісія, показники розвитку руйнування, атомні енергетичні технології, виявлення та моніторинг дефектів
 
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First acoustic-emission (AE) measuring systems of production type were developed and correlations between parameters of AE signals and fracture propagation indices were established in the second half of the XXth century. This is exactly what aroused the interest of developers of nuclear power engineering technologies and operators in this new method, which later on will become an effective addition to the currently available technologies of nondestructive testing (NDT) for detection and monitoring of defects in nuclear reactor bodies. As extremely high requirements of quality and integrity are made of such facilities, considerable efforts were aimed at development of AE method and its introduction into industry already at the end of 1970ties. Practical implementation of the methods and procedures of AE monitoring and diagnostics of the condition of NPP reactor bodies confirmed the high effectiveness of the method, although at the beginning of their introduction into industry different opinions were expressed on this subject.
 
Keywords: acoustic emission, fracture propagation indices, nuclear power engineering technologies
 
Надійшла редакції 10.07.2014
Піписано до друку 5.11.2014