The Paton Welding Journal, 2025, №12

2025 №12 (02)

DOI of Article 10.37434/tpwj2025.12.03

2025 №12 (04)

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The Paton Welding Journal, 2025, #12, 20-26 pages

Formation of coatings containing Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase by deposition of TiC‒TiAl powder by plasma and high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying methods

N.V. Vihilianska¹, T.V. Tsymbalista¹, P.P. Grishchenko¹, A.P. Murashov¹, O.Y. Gudymenko²

¹E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NASU. 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: pewinataliya@gmail.com
²V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the NASU 45 Nauky Prosp., 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract
The work investigated the formation of coatings containing the MAX phase Ti3AlC2 by plasma and high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying using TiC‒TiAl powder. The composite powder was produced by processing a powder mixture of the initial components TiAl and TiC in a planetary mill for 5 h, resulting in the formation of a powder with conglomerate-type particles containing the phases of the initial components and the target MAX phase Ti3AlC2. Coatings produced by plasma and high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying methods were investigated using X-ray phase analysis, optical microscopy and microdurometry. It was found that during plasma spraying, due to the intensive interaction of powder particles with the gas environment and high-temperature process conditions, the formation of titanium carbonitride TiC0.2N0.8 and a significant decrease in the content of the MAX phase Ti3AlC2 relative to the powder are observed in the coating. The coatings have a lamellar structure with high (~ 15 %) porosity and microhardness of 4390 ± 920 MPa. At high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying, due to the lower thermal load compared to the plasma spraying method, the coating retains most of the original phase composition of the powder. The coating structure is less lamellar and denser (porosity does not exceed 1 %), contains unmelted and partially melted deformed particles, and the average microhardness is 3810 ± 840 MPa.
Keywords: coating, plasma spraying, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying, MAX phase, phase composition, structure, microhardness

Received: 07.08.2025
Received in revised form: 07.11.2025
Accepted: 24.12.2025

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Suggested Citation

N.V. Vihilianska, T.V. Tsymbalista, P.P. Grishchenko, A.P. Murashov, O.Y. Gudymenko (2025) Formation of coatings containing Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase by deposition of TiC‒TiAl powder by plasma and high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying methods. The Paton Welding J., 12, 20-26.

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