Технічна діагностика та неруйнівний контроль, 2026, №01

2026 №01 (03)

DOI of Article 10.37434/tdnk2026.01.04

2026 №01 (05)

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Технічна діагностика і неруйнівний контроль, 2026, №1, стор. 32-46

Принципи та технології теплового контролю та діагностики відповідальних конструкцій і об’єктів (Огляд)

В.Ю. Глуховський

ІЕЗ ім. Є.О. Патона НАН України. 03150, м. Київ, вул. Казимира Малевича, 11. E-mail: glukhovskyy@gmail.com

В огляді наведено комплексний аналіз фундаментальних принципів і сучасних технологій теплового контролю та термографічної діагностики відповідальних об’єктів і конструкцій. Особливу увагу приділено фізичному зв’язку між тепловими відгуками, термомеханічними процесами та механікою пошкоджень на різних масштабних рівнях. Систематично розглянуто пасивні, активні та гібридні термографічні підходи, а також проаналізовано їхні методологічні можливості, технічні обмеження та застосовність до матеріалів різних класів. Окрему увагу приділено сучасним досягненням у сфері цифрової обробки сигналів, числового моделювання та методів машинного навчання з акцентом на фізично інтерпретовані та гібридні підходи. Інтеграція термографії в системи моніторингу стану конструкцій і цифрових двійників визначається як ключовий напрям переходу до кількісної оцінки структурної цілісності та залишкового ресурсу. Визначено актуальні проблеми, пов’язані з оберненими задачами теплопровідності, впливом факторів навколишнього середовища та кількісною оцінкою невизначеності, а також окреслено перспективні напрями подальших досліджень, спрямовані на перехід від якісної діагностики до прогнозного, фізично обґрунтованого моніторингу відповідальних конструкцій. Бібліогр. 61, табл. 3, рис. 14.
Ключові слова: інфрачервона термографія, тепловий неруйнівний контроль, моніторинг технічного стану, граничний стан, надійність, теплова аномалія

Отримано 04.02.2026
Отримано у переглянутому вигляді 09.03.2026
Підписано до друку 10.04.2026
Оприлюднено 23.04.2026

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В.Ю. Глуховський (2026) Принципи та технології теплового контролю та діагностики відповідальних конс?рукцій і об’єктів (Огляд). Технічна діагностика та неруйнівний контроль, 01, 32-46. https://doi.org/10.37434/tdnk2026.01.04

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