Electrometallurgy Today, 2023, №01



2023 №01 (04)

DOI of Article 10.37434/sem2023.01.05

2023 №01 (06)

---

Electrometallurgy Today (Sovremennaya Elektrometallurgiya), 2023, #1, 33-42 pages

Effectiveness of the process of plasma-arc spheroidization of current-conducting titanium wire

V.M. Korzhyk, D.V. Strogonov, O.M. Burlachenko, A.Yu. Tunik, O.V. Ganushchak, O.P. Hrishchenko

E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: office@paton.kiev.ua

Abstract
The possibility of producing spherical titanium powders by application of the technology of plasma-arc atomization of compact current-conducting Ti wire of Grade 2 of 1.6 mm diameter was experimentally confirmed. Analysis of granulometric composition of the powder showed that the main fraction of the powder is 25…250 μm, making up 95 % of the total powder volume, quantity of particles of <25 μm and 250…315 μm fractions not exceeding 5 %. Parameters of the titanium powder shape were studied. It was shown that the majority of the particles are of a regular spherical shape with sphericity coefficient close to 0.8. The quantity of defective particles is not more than 3 % of the total weight of the powder. It was found that atomization by the wire-anode scheme leads to a considerable increase of wire heating efficiency (by approximately 4 times), compared to the scheme of atomization of neutral wire, which promotes an increase of process efficiency from 2…5 to 12 kg/h. It is shown that application of the technology of plasma-arc spheroidizing of the titanium wire allows producing spherical powders for 3D printing of high-quality products for the aerospace industry by the technologies of selective and direct laser melting and sintering and by the methods of powder (granulated) metallurgy (hot isostatic pressing with subsequent thermomechanical treatment). Ref. 21, Tabl. 2, Fig. 6.
Keywords: plasma-arc atomization; current-conducting wire; spheroidizing; titanium powder; granulometric composition; sphericity

Received 30.02.2023

References

1. Sun, P., Fang, Z., Zhang, Y. et al. (2017) Review of the methods for the production of spherical Ti and Ti alloy powder. JOM, 69, 1853-1860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2513-5
2. Fang, Z., Paramore, J., Sun, P. et al. (2018) Powder metallurgy of titanium - past, present, and future. Inter. Materials Reviews, 63(7), 407-459. https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2017.1366003
3. Kim, K.T., Yang, H.C. (2013) Densification behavior of titanium alloy powder under hot isostatic pressing. Powder Metallurgy, 44(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1179/003258901666158
4. Yanko, T.V., Ovchinnikov, A.V., Korzhyk, V.N. et al. (2018) Technological scheme for producing of titanium alloy powders of aircraft purpose for 3D-printing. Tekhnologicheskie Sistemy, 4, 36-41 [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.29010/085.7
5. Kim, Y. et al. (2014) Microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Ti-6Al-4V alloy. J. of Alloys and Compounds, 603, 207-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.03.022
6. Yim, S., Bian, H., Aoyagi, K., Yamanaka, K. (2021) Spreading behavior of Ti48Al2Cr2Nb powders in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process: Experimental and discrete element method study. Additive Manufacturing, 73, 337-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.102489
7. Chen, G., Zhao, S., Tan, P. et al. (2018) A comparative study of Ti6Al4V powders for additive manufacturing by gas atomization, plasma rotating electrode process and plasma atomization. Powder Technology, 333, 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.04.013
8. Nie, Y., Tang, J., Teng, J. et al. (2020) Particle defects and related properties of metallic powders produced by plasma rotating electrode process (PREP). Advanced Powder Technology, 31, 2912-2920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2020.05.018
9. Smirnov, S.A., Kirsankin, A.A., Kalaida, T.A. (2022) Properties of the spherical titanium VT1-00 powder fabricated by plasma atomization of a wire. Metall., 4, 741-745. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029522070126
10. Kudinov, V.V. (1966) Heating of current-conducting wire by constricted arc [in Russian].
11. Kang, I.J., Park, H.J., Cho, C.H. et al. (2021) Development of a plasma and gas hybrid atomization system for the production of metal powder materials. J. of the Korean Physical Society, 79, 1141-1150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40042-021-00341-6
12. Korzhyk, V.M., Khaskin, V.Yu., Yao Yuhui et al. (2022) Influence of accompanying compressing air flow on the coating structure and properties in plasma-arc spraying by consumable current-conducting wire. The Paton Welding J., 2, 3-10. https://doi.org/10.37434/tpwj2022.02.01
13. Korzhik, V.N., Korob, M.F. (2012) Mechanized line PLAZER 30PL-W for plasma-arc wire surfacing of coatings on largesized parts of "shaft" type. Svarshchik, 4, 13-15 [in Russian].
14. Strogonov, D.V., Korzhyk, V.M., Jianglong, Yi et al. (2022) Influence of the parameters of the process of plasma-arc spheroidization of current-conducting wire from low-carbon steel on the granulometric composition of the produced powders. Suchasna Elektrometalurhiya, 3, 29-37 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.37434/sem2022.03.05
15. Desai, P.D. (1987) Thermodynamic properties of titanium. Inter. J. Thermophys, 8, 781-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00500794
16. Dietrich, S., Wunderer, M., Huissel, A., Zaeh, M. (2016) A new approach for a flexible powder production for additive manufacturing. Procedia Manufacturing, 6, 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2016.11.012
17. Kalayda, T.A., Kirsankin, A.A., Ivannikov, A.Yu. et al. (2021). The plasma atomization process for the Ti-Al-V powder production. J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 1942, 012046. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1942/1/012046
18. Yin, Z., Yu, D., Zhang, Q. et al. (2021) Experimental and numerical analysis of a reverse-polarity plasma torch for plasma atomization. Plasma Chem. Plasma Process, 41, 1471-1495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-021-10181-8
19. Producing the most spherical, pure titanium powders. https://www.pyrogenesis.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Project_Producing-the-Most-Spherical-Pure-Titanium-Powders.pdf
20. LargeScale PREP System. (SLPAH). https://prep-system.com/slpa-h/
21. Bykovskyi, O.G. (2021) Welding, cutting and quality control during production of metal structures. Kyiv, Osnova [in Ukrainian].

---

Advertising in this issue:

---