The Paton Welding Journal, 2018, №10



2018 №10 (02)

DOI of Article 10.15407/tpwj2018.10.03

2018 №10 (04)

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The Paton Welding Journal, 2018, #10, 14-21 pages
 

Effect of surface-active elements on the formation of solidification cracks

V.A. Anoshin and V.M. Ilyushenko

E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine 11 Kazimir Malevich Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: office@paton.kiev.ua

Based on analysis of physicochemical properties of harmful impurities, the concepts of the mechanism of their effect on formation of solidification cracks in different metals are summarized, which consist, firstly, in enrichment of crystallite boundaries with them (residual liquid) at the last stages of solidification, and, secondly, in revealing the effect of adsorption-induced decrease of strength and ductility. The difference in the nature of solidification of single-phase and two-phase (with eutectic) alloys was established as regards enrichment of crystallite boundaries with harmful impurities. It is shown that the specific surface energy at solid metal – melt interface and on grain boundaries has the greatest effect on crack formation. It was established that also the surface-active alloying elements, characterized by the same physicochemical properties as harmful impurities, can influence the increased tendency to solidification cracking. The formula for subcritical crack growth, proposed by E.E.Glikman et al., can serve as a criterion for evaluation of the effect of surface-active elements on the formation of solidification cracks. 36 Ref., 2 Tables, 9 Figures.
Keywords: solidification cracks, harmful impurities, physicochemical properties, effect of adsorption-induced decrease of ductility and strength, distribution coefficient, enrichment of grain boundaries, state diagram, solidification nature, eutectic
 
Received:                10.09.18
Published:               18.12.18
 
 
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