Eng
Ukr
Rus
Print

2020 №02 (05) DOI of Article
10.37434/sem2020.02.06
2020 №02 (07)

Electrometallurgy Today 2020 #02
Electrometallurgy Today (Sovremennaya Elektrometallurgiya), 2020, #2, 31-38 pages

Technology of processing metal chips (Review)

O.V. Veretilnik, F.K. Biktagirov, V.O. Shapovalov, O.V. Gnatushenko, A.P. Ignatov


E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine. 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: office@paton.kiev.ua

Abstract
Analysis of the known methods and technologies of processing metal chips was performed. It is noted that chips containing expensive alloying elements, namely tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, vanadium, niobium, etc., are the most valuable in terms of resource conservation. For melting by traditional methods in arc steel and induction furnaces the chips have to be briquetted first. However, there are problems with metal refining in induction crucible melting and with significant loss of alloying elements in arc melting. Technologies based on the electroslag process, when such material is melted in a layer of liquid slag, became the most widely accepted among those for processing uncompacted chips. Here both the nonconsumable, predominantly graphite, and consumable metal electrodes can be used as current-supplying electrode. A conclusion is made that combined melting of a consumable electrode in an electroslag crucible furnace with simultaneous feeding of chips for melting in the quantity of 70 % of the mass of material being remelted, is the most promising for recycling chips from low- and medium-carbon alloyed metal, including widely applied stainless and high-temperature steels and alloys on iron and nickel base. Ref. 27, Fig. 5.
Keywords: chips; recycling; remelting; electroslag remelting; conconsumable electrode; consumable electrode; electroslag crucible melting

Received 20.02.2020

References

1. Kukuj, D.M., Emelyanovich, I.V., Petrovsky, V.P. et al. (2009) Experience of recycling of metal chips. Litio i Metallurgiya, 1, 47–50 [in Russian].
2. Shapovalov, V.A., Burnashev, V.R., Biktagirov, F.K. et al. (2009) Recycling of chips of heat-resistant steel EP609-Sh using the method of compacting at electric current with subsequent electroslag remelting. Sovrem. Elektrometall., 3, 43–45 [in Russian].
3. Popov, K.A. (2019) Utilization and recycling of metal chips. In: Junior science in development of regions. Perm, TSU [in Russian].
4. Abramov, K.B., Samujlov, S.D., Figlin, Yu.A. (1998) Briquetting of titanium chips under action of short pulses of electric current. Tsvetnye Metally, 12, 70–74 [in Russian].
5. Shapovalov, V.A., Biktagirov, F.K., Burnashev, V.R., et al. (2011) Electrothermal compacting of metal materials: Possibilities and prospects. Zagotovitelnye Proizvodstva v Mashinostroenii, 5, 5–10 [in Russian].
6. Anikin, Yu.F.,, Zhezhera, A.D., Ladokhin, S.V., Lapshuk, T.V. (1998) Installation for combined induction and electron beam melting of metals and alloys. Metall i Litio Ukrainy, 5–6, 8–10 [in Russian].
7. Anikin, Yu.F., Ladokhin, S.V., Yakovlev, V.T. (1998) Technological parameters of melting of complex alloyed nickel alloys in electron beam casting installations. Protsessy Litiya, 3–4, 23–26 [in Russian].
8. Shapovalov, V.A., Biktagirov, F.K., Burnashev, V.R., Nikitenko, Yu.A. (2011) Plasma-arc remelting of billet, compacted of EP609-Sh steel chips. Sovrem. Elektrometall., 3, 21–23 [in Russian].
9. Burnashev, V.R., Shapovalov, V.A., Zhirov, D.M. et al. (2014) Plasma-arc remelting of billets compacted from chips of austenitic stainless steels. Ibid., 1, 37–40 [in Russian].
10. Shapovalov, V.A., Burnashev, V.R., Biktagirov, F.K. et al. (2011) ESR of electrodes compacted of austenite stainless steel chips. Ibid., 4, 46–48 [in Russian].
11. Volkov, A.E., Gokhman, G.Z., Shalimov, Al.G. (1984) Melting and refining of metal in overheated slag of noncompact materials. Stal, 7, 30–33 [in Russian].
12. Kuzmenko, O.G. (2004) Behavior of particles of a nocompact filler at air-slag interface in electroslag hardfacing. The Paton Welding J., 10, 8–11.
13. Volkov, A.E., Shalimov, Al.G. (1989) Production of alloyed steel by method of electroslag remelting of chips. Stal, 12, 27–29 [in Russian].
14. Moldovan, G.A., Vishnevsky, A.V., Zavodovsky, V.K., Olejnichenko, V.I. (1975) Melting of charge ingots by ESR method from high-alloyed steel. Problemy Spets. Elektrometallurgii, 1, 45–47 [in Russian].
15. Kochkin, S.V. (2015) Development of technology of metal chips recycling by electroslag remelting method. Sovremennye Nauchnye Issledovaniya i Innovatsii, 6, Pt 1. URL: http:// web.snauka.ru/issues/2015/06/53989 [in Russian].
16. Biktagirov, F.K. (2003) Behavior of carbon in electroslag processing of metals. In: Proc. of 8th Int. Sci.-Techn. Conf. on Problems of Welding, Metallurgy and Related Technologies (Tbilisi, Modemi), 255–265.
17. Satya Prasad, V.V., Sambasiva Rao, A., Prakash, U. et al. (1996) Recycling of superalloy scrap through electroslag remelting. ISIJ Intern., 1, 1459-1464. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.36.1459
18. Kuskov, Yu.M., Kuzmenko, O.G., Lentyugov, I.P. (2019) Application of chips of steel 5KhNM in electroslag surfacing of dies in current-conducting mold. The Paton Welding J., 6, 43-45. https://doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.06.08
19. Kuskov, Yu.M. (2001) Electroslag remelting of wastes of different productions using nonconsumable water-cooled electrode. Elektrometallurgiya, 2, 28–28 [in Russian].
20. Kuskov, Yu.M., Bezkorovajny, V.I., Us, V.I.,, Medovar, L.B. (1992) Electrodeless technology of electroslag remelting of copper wastes. Problemy Spets. Elektrometallurgii, 3, 29–32 [in Russian].
21. Altman, V.A., Orlov, O.I. (2010) Method of melting of high-qiality tool steels from wastes of tool production. RF Pat. 2405843 [in Russian].
22. Biktagirov, F.K. (2003) Application of non-consumable electrode electroslag process for melting, refining and treatment of metals. Report 2. Advances in Electrometallurgy, 1, 4–8.
23. Tsyganov, A.S. (1961) Production of secondary nonferrous metals. Moscow, Metallurgizdat [in Russian].
24. Stroganov, G.B. (1971) General metallurgy and technology of nonferrous metals processing. Moscow, Metallurgizdat [in Russian].
25. Zherebtsov, S.N. (2012) Application of technology of electroslag remelting high-alloyed steels and alloys chips for producing of measuring billet. Elektrometallurgiya, 4, 32–34 [in Russian].
26. Zherebtsov, S.N., Romanovsky, Yu.V. (2005) Electroslag remelting of chips of high-alloyed heat-resistant alloys. Omskij Vestnik, 2, 108–109 [in Russian].
27. Butko, V.I. (2010) Method of producing of ingots from chips. Ukraine Pat. 54324 [in Ukrainian].

Advertising in this issue: