The Paton Welding Journal, 2008, №11

2008 №11 (30)

2008 №11 (01)

---

The Paton Welding Journal, 2008, #11, 191-196 pages

Welding and cladding of heat-resistant nickel alloys with single-crystal structure

K.A. Yushchenko¹, B.A. Zadery¹, V.S. Savchenko¹, A.V. Zvyagintseva¹, I.S. Gakh¹, O.P. Karasevskaya²

¹E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NASU. 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine.
²G.V. Kurdyumov Institute of Metal Physics, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine

Abstract
Weldability criteria for heat-resistant single-crystal nickel alloys have been determined. The mechanism has been studied, and causes of cracking have been established, which include deviations of crystallographic orientation of the weld metal from the initial one, and formation of stray grains. The effect of welding parameters and conditions, as well as of crystallographic orientation of welded joints, on the above characteristics has been investigated. Conditions of formation of crack-free welds at minimal mismatching of crystallography and structure of the base and weld metals have been identified.
Keywords: heat-resistant nickel alloys, single crystals, welding, cladding, crack resistance, crystallographic orientation, shape of solidification macrofront, thermal gradient, stray grains, solidification direction, temperature gradient, local stress zones

References

1. Lodiz, R., Porker, R. (1974) Growth of single crystals. Ed. by A.A. Chernov, A.N. Lobachev. Moscow: Mir.
2. Shalin, R.E., Svetlov, I.L., Kachanov, E.B. et al. (1977) Single crystals of heat-resistant nickel alloys. Moscow: Mashinostroenie.
3. (1963) Processes of growth and growing of single crystals. Ed. by N.N. Shertel. Moscow: Inostr. Literatura.
4. Pollock, T.M., Murphy, W.H. (1996) The breakdown of single-crystal solidification in high refractory nickel-base alloys. Metall. Mater. Transact. A, 27, 1081-1094.
5. Park, J.-W., Baby, S.S., Vitek, J.M. et al. (2003) Stray grain formation in single crystal Ni-base superalloy welds. /. Appl. Phys., 94(6), 4203-4209.
6. Gaumann, M., Bezencon, C, Canalis, P. et al. (2001) Single crystal laser deposition of superalloy. Sci. and Technol. of Adv. Mater., 49, 1051-1062.
7. Yushchenko, K.A., Karasevskaya, O.P., Kotenko, S.S. et al. (2005) Inheritance of structure-oriented state of metallic materials by welded joints. The Paton Welding J., 9, 2-9.
8. Barabash, O.M., Babu, S.S., David, S.A. et al. (2003) Deformation in the heat affected zone during spot welding of nickel-base alloys. Appl. Phys., 94(1), 738-742.
9. Borlamd, J.C., Rogerson, J.H. (1962) Examination of the patch test for assessing hot cracking tendencies of weld metal. British Welding J., 9(8), 494-499.
10. Rundel, G.R., Nehrenberg, A.E. (1966) Weld metal cracking of invar in circular patch test. Welding J., 45(4), 156-160.
11. Zessmenn, G.G. (1964) Welding evaluation of experimental columbium alloys. Ibid., 43(3), 103-115.
12. Prokhorov, N.N., Orlov, A.S., Prokhorov, N.N. (1970) Study of properties and feasibility of test samples for evaluation of technological strength of metals in solidification process during welding. Svarochn. Proizvodstvo, 12, 41-44.
13. Karasevska, O.P. (2001) Orientation X-ray experimental method for phase analysis of polycrystals. Met. Phys. Adv. Techn., 19, 1061-2066.
14. Fewster, R.F. (2000) Insight into polycrystalline materials with ultrahigh resolution and reciprocal space mapping. Commission on power diffraction. Microstructure of Materials, 17, 17-19.
15. Fewster, P.E. (1991) Combining high-resolution X-ray dif-fractometry and topography. /, Appl. Phys., 24, 178-183.
16. Krivoglaz, M.A. (1996) X-ray and neutron diffraction in nonideal crystals. Berlin: Springer.
17. Lippold, J.C., Kotecki, D.J. (2005) Welding metallurgy and weldability of stainless steels. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Interscience.
18. Zadery, V.A., Kotenko, S.S., Polishchuk, E.P. et al. (2003) Peculiarities of crystalline structure of welded joints in single crystals. The Paton Welding J., 5, 13-20.
19. Gaumann, M., Bezencon, C, Kurz, W. (2001) Columnar to equiaxed transition in solidification processing. Sci. and Technol. of Adv. Mater., 2, 185-191.
20. Yushchenko, K.A., Zadery, B.A., Karasevskaya, O.P. et al. Structural changes during welding of nickel superal- loy single crystals with the weld pool in crystallographic asymmetric position. Metallofiz. Nov. Tekhnologii, 28(11), 1509-1527.

---

Suggested Citation

K.A. Yushchenko, B.A. Zadery, V.S. Savchenko, A.V. Zvyagintseva, I.S. Gakh, O.P. Karasevskaya (2008) Welding and cladding of heat-resistant nickel alloys with single-crystal structure. The Paton Welding J., 11, 191-196.

---