| 2026 №04 (02) | 2026 №04 (04) |
"Avtomatychne Zvaryuvannya" (Automatic Welding), #4, 2026, pp. 24-37
Influence of interlayers on phase formation during vacuum diffusion welding of magnesium alloy MA2-1
V.A. Kostin
, A.L. Puzryn, Yu.V. Falchenko, L.V. Petrushynets, A.G. Poklyatsky
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
11 Kazymyr Malevych Str., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine.
E-mail: procesor1@ukr.net
Vacuum diffusion welding of MA2-1 magnesium alloy using continuous and perforated layers of Zn, Cu, Ni, and Ti under the action of forming matrices is investigated in the paper. It is shown that continuous interlayers limit the localization of plastic deformation, contribute to the preservation of the MgO oxide film and the formation of flat pores, which reduces the strength of the joints to ~50 % of that of the base metal. Perforated interlayers provide a local reduction in deformation resistance, directed flow of magnesium into the holes, and mechanical crushing of oxides, forming juvenile Mg–Mg bridges and a fine crystalline structure on the joint interface. It was found that in systems with Cu and Ni, Mg2Cu and Mg2Ni hard intermetallics with high microhardness are formed, causing stress concentration, appearance of pore chains and a tendency to brittle fracture. In the Mg–Ti pair, the intermetallics are not formed, diffusion is limited, and titanium acts as an effective barrier, ensuring high plasticity of the weld and a bending angle of up to 180°. The optimal combination of forming matrices and perforated titanium interlayers allows reducing the temperature and welding time without thermal degradation of the alloy, increasing the strength of the joints to 143 MPa and ensuring their high reliability for aviation and space applications. 45 Ref., 9 Fig.
Keywords: vacuum diffusion welding, magnesium alloy MA2-1, intermediate layers, forming matrices, phase analysis, microstructure, intermetallic compounds
Received: 08.02.2026
Received in revised form: 20.05.2026
Accepted: 20.07.2026
Posted online: 24.07.2026
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